Philippe Kruchten

2906 West 37th Avenue - Vancouver, Bc - V6N 2T9 - Canada
Phone: (604) 266 9395 - Fax: (604) 263 5350

Highlights

I am currently a professor of software engineering at the University of British Columbia. I am first and foremost a professional software engineer, with 30 years of industrial experience developing large-scale software-intensive systems in the domains of telecommunications, aerospace, defense, transportation and software tools. My most recent achievement is the development of a software development method: the Rational Unified Process®-a handbook of software engineering, which in many ways captures the lessons learned in my years as a system developer and as a consultant. I participated in the design of two telephone switches, a few command and control systems, and most notably led the design of the Canadian Automated Air Traffic Control system. Besides the RUP®, I contributed to the field a model for the representation of software architecture, based on multiple coordinated views, which led to an IEEE standard. I had two previous short stays in academia, as a teacher and researcher, in Paris (3 years) and in New York (2 years). I am passionate about software engineering and I write a lot, but publishing mainly where I can have the widest audience and impact. My most recent and notable publications are 2 books: one on the RUP (170,000 copies in 10 languages, so far), an undergraduate textbook on software engineering, developed jointly with a Canadian university professor, and a text-book on RUP with an IBM colleague.

Education

Work Experience

(in chronological order. Numbers in brackets refer to the list of publications in the annex.)

1/1974-6/1975: Semaly (Société D'Études Du Métro Lyonnais)

Position: Analyst-Programmer, part-time contractor: Fortran models of urban traffic flows for the subway of the city of Lyon and the bus and light rail system of Strasbourg.

6/1974-9/1974: IBM, London, UK

Position: Programmer, Tester, full-time: Test of the APL/SV interpreter.

8/1975-7/1976: French Armed Forces in Germany

Position: Non-commissioned officer (Sergeant) in the medical services, full time. Hospital database; medical records filing. Trained as a "medic"

8/1976-6/1979: Ecole Nationale Supérieure Des Télécommunications, Paris

46, rue Barrault, 75634 Paris Cedex, France +33 1 45 81 77 77

Position: Instructor and research scientist, then Assistant professor, full-time, reporting to Dr. Christine Nora

7/1979-8/1982: Télic-Alcatel, Strasbourg, France

The company was later renamed Alcatel Business Systems, and its current address is:
1, rue du Dr. Albert Schweitzer, 67401 Illkirch, France +33 3 88 67 77 00

Position: Software Designer, then System Designer, full-time, reporting to Gérard Hinault

I designed, implemented and tested several subsystems in the Alcatel 2505, a line-of-product of PBX (Private Branch eXchanges): the real-time monitor, the billing system, some of the fault-tolerance mechanisms. Several long stays in an Alcatel subsidiary in Chicago for technology transfer and localization to the US market. Contributed to Télic's development methodology: Guide de conduite de projet logiciel et matériel.

9/1982-5/1984 : Courant Institute Of Mathematical Sciences, New York, NY

New York University, 251, Mercer street, New York, NY, 10012 USA (212) 998-3063

Position: Associate Research Scientist, full-time, reporting to Prof. Robert B. K. Dewar

I designed and implemented the very first Ada compiler ever validated by the U.S. department of defense: Ada/ED (April 1983), which served both for educational purposes and to validate the Ada validation suite (ACVC). This development was done in SETL (Set Theoretic Language) developed at the CIMS, and represented a first large scale effort of rapid and evolutionary software prototyping. See [10, 11]. For this compiler and interpreter, I developed several original techniques for handling dynamic types, exceptions, tasks, and fixed-point computations, work that would ultimately lead to my Ph. D. dissertation [16]. I also became very involved in the definition of Ada, its standardization, and its usage [2].

5/1984-10/1987 : Télic-Alcatel, Strasbourg, France

The company was later renamed Alcatel Business Systems, and moved.
Current address is:
1, rue du Dr. Albert Schweitzer, 67401 Illkirch, France phone: +33 3 88 67 77 00

Position: System Designer, full-time, reporting to Roland Riff and Bernard Zann

I designed the software architecture of the Alcatel 2600, a line-of-product of private ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network) switches, and lead an effort to prototype it. I also designed a multiservice terminal (digital telephone set, directory services, data transmission services), see [13, 14,15]. In parallel with this effort, I introduced the use of Ada at Alcatel [12], and participated in the definition of several international standards at the ECMA (European Computer Manufacturer Association) and CCITT (Comité Consultatif International du Télégraphe et Téléphone), now known as UIT, in the area of ISDN data communication.

Technology transfer to an Alcatel partner company: DarumaTech, in Campinas, Brazil.

10/1987-11/2003: Rational Software Corp.

Rational Software was acquired by IBM in the Spring of 2003.
Local address: 638-650 West 41st avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 2M9 (604) 261-1653

I held several positions in my 16 years at Rational, and I have been physically located in France, Sweden, California, and Canada, with long stays in Australia, UK, Germany, Japan, and China, and reported successively to Dr. Knut Ripken, Robert Bond, John Lovitt, Kathy Graham, Dave Bernstein, Dr. Rich Reitman, Dean Leffingwell, Dan Schiffman, Per Kroll, and finally after the acquisition by IBM: Steve Saunders.

Technical consultant in the areas of software architecture, embedded systems, command and control systems, distributed systems, object-oriented design, iterative development process, and the use of the programming language Ada. My most notable clients were:

Note: For almost all these engagements, due to their defense nature and the non-disclosure contracts signed, I am not at liberty to disclose much of the engineering work performed. Most of them were developed under DoD-Std2167, Mil-Std-498, or their local variants, such as JSP-188 in the UK, GAM-T17 in France.

There were many more consulting engagements in the 3 days to 3 weeks duration, with companies such as Intentia, Ericsson, Nokia, Wonderware, MCI WorldCom and Navigation Technologies(NavTech). I also provided internal consulting and mentoring of junior consultants from Rational. During this period I was the editor-in-chief of Rational's internal technical newsletter, known as The Sheep.

One notable consulting engagement:

8/1992-6/1996: Hughes Aircraft Of Canada

Now Raytheon Canada, 13951 Bridgeport Rd Richmond, BC V6V 1J6 (604) 279 5600

Position: Lead software architect (contractor, full-time) for the Canadian Automated Air Traffic System (CAATS), reporting to Gerald Grummer, then Greg Mikkelsen. My responsibilities on this project involved:

Note: CAATS is developed for Transport Canada (now NavCan). CAATS represents 7 area control centers, 57 control towers, some 650 workstations spread over Canada, interfacing with 37 different external systems and organizations (radar, weather, satellites, aircraft, airlines, etc.) It will about a million line of code, and developed by 200+ engineers over 8 years. The software serves as the basis for a line of product of air traffic related systems, and Raytheon intends to use it to bid other large contract, in particular in the USA (En-route system). The project follows an adaptation of DoD-STD-2167A, adaptation that I helped developed with Hughes and Transport Canada, see [23].

Not only my CAATS project work is reflected in a number of publications: [23, 24, 26, 27, 30, 33, 34, 35], but Hughes filed a US patent for the underlying mechanisms, for which I am named the "inventor" (together with Chris Thompson, who replaced me at CAATS).

From my experience as a consultant, at Hughes and elsewhere, I derived several publications [18, 19, 22, 36] and in particular on software architecture [31, 37, 38], where I introduced a concept of multiple coordinated views ("4+1 view model"). Also during this time-frame, I developed a two-day course on software architecture.

6/1996-11/2003: Process Development At Rational Software, then IBM

Position: Director of Process Development, reporting to Daniel Shiffman, V.P.; current title: Rational Fellow.

From June 1996, I lead the development of a software engineering process: the Rational Unified Process, with a group of 15 process engineers located in Vancouver, in Boston, Mass., and Boulder, Colo.. The Rational Unified Process is a web-based, generic software development process derived from Rational's experience with medium to large-scale software-intensive projects. It is an iterative process [21, 36], it focuses on defining and baselining early a robust architecture. It uses use cases to capture requirements and to drive many activities in the development, and it guides the developer through the construction of several models in UML (Unified Modeling Language), a visual modeling language developed by Rational and standardized by the OMG (Object Management Group). The process is actually an on-line software engineering handbook that if in print would be about 5,000 pages. The introduction part is published as a book by Addison-Wesley-Longman, see [3]; some 150,000 copies of this book have been sold since its publication in November 1998, and it has been translated in Japanese, German, French, Italian, Russian, Chinese, and Swedish (Spanish in preparation). I also developed a one-day tutorial on the process that has been used to introduce it to about a 5,000 software engineers around the world. And a text-book for teaching process in university was derived [4] from this work. Research on process led to numerous publications; see [52 to 62]

I was the editor-in-chief of Rational internal technical newsletter, The Rattle, and supervise the publishing of books by Rational authors (Editorial board) together with Grady Booch.

I represented Rational Software on the Industry Advisory Board of the SWEBOK (Software Engineering Body of Knowledge). Co-author of the OMG's SPEM (Software Process Engineering Metamodel), an industry standard for process modeling.

Involved with IFIP and IEEE in software architecture, I am leading the steering committee for the WICSA series of conferences (Working IEEE/IFIP Conference on Software Architecture), and was chairman of the 2001 conference in Amsterdam.

Also in 1991 I also briefly held the position (part-time) of Manager of Customer Support, in Santa Clara, Ca. reporting to Jerry Rudisin. My main task was to hire a manager of customer support and several software support engineers, and to ensure in the interim (approx. 5 months) continuing customer satisfaction.

Since January 2004: Higher Education - University of British Columbia

Position: Professor of Software Engineering, in the department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, part of the Faculty of Applied Sciences, head of dept: Dr. Vijay Bhargava.

I teach a Software Project Management course, and two coursees on Software Engineering. I have started to put in shape a software engineering curriculum leading to an accredited program in software engineering (a Bachelor of Software Engineering). I also started some research activities in the areas of software process modeling, software engineering management and software architecture, as well as the interactions of culture on global projects.

Other Professional Activities

Professional Organizations

Standardization

Miscellaneous

Annex: List Of Publications

Books

  1. Le langage de programmation Pascal, Éditions Eyrolles, Paris, 1980. (15,000 copies)
  2. Le langage de programmation Ada, Éditions Eyrolles, Paris, 1982.
  3. Dictionaire d'Informatique Anglais Français. Paris: Editions Eyrolles, 1983, With Renée Fisher
  4. The Rational Unified Process - an Introduction, Addison-Wesley-Longman, Reading, MA, 1999, 272p. Translations in French, Japanese, German, Italian, Swedish, Russian, and Chinese, both Mandarin and Cantonese; 2 editions; more than 175,000 copies sold. 3rd edition in 2003.
  5. Software Engineering Process with the Unified Process for Education (UP/Edu), Addison-Wesley-Longman, Reading, MA, 2003, 350p. with Pierre N. Robillard. (together with the 2 companion web sites www.upedu.org, and www.yoopeedoo.org) Book published in August 2002.
  6. RUP Made Easy-A Practitioner's Guide, Addison-Wesley-Longman, Reading, MA, 2003, with Per Kröll. Translated in French and Russian.

    7. Articles, Communications, And Book Chapters

  7. "ARCADE-A System for Research and Education in Computer Architecture," Information Processing Letters, 7 (2), February 1978, North-Holland Pub. Co., 78-85 (with A. Brandwajn & J.A. Hernandez)
  8. "Communication in the fast universe of ARCADE, a Loosely-Coupled Adaptive Multiprocessor System," Proc. of 4th Euromicro Symposium on Microprocessing and Microprogramming, Munich, October 17-19, 1978, North-Holland, 281-290 (with A. Brandwajn & J.A. Hernandez)
  9. "Overview of the ARCADE System," Proc. 6th Symposium on Computer Architecture, April 23-25, 1979, IEEE Computer Soc. And ACM SIGArch, 42-49 (with A. Brandwajn & J.A. Hernandez)
  10. "Caractères métriques des os crâniens liés à l'indice céphalique chez les populations médiévales de Strasbourg," Congrès International de Paléontologie Humaine, Nice, France, 16-21 Octobre 1982, UNESCO.
  11. "Le système Ada/Ed: une expérience de prototypage utilisant le langage SETL," Technique et Science Informatiques (TSI), 3 (3), Mars 1984, 193-200.
  12. "Software Prototyping using SETL," IEEE Software, 1 (4), October 1984, 66-75.
  13. "Ada chez les PABX-Introduction d'Ada dans l'industrie des télécommunications," Bigre n°42, Décembre 1984, 173-180
  14. "Alcatel 2600, Cœur de communications de l'entreprise", Actes du congrès "De nouvelles Architectures pour les Communications" Éditions Eyrolles, Paris, 1984.
  15. "The Alcatel 2600 PBX, an architecture for communication services of the future," Proceedings of the ICC'85 Conference, June 23-26, 1985, Chicago (Ill.), IEEE, 385-389
  16. "The Alcatel 2600 System: Open Connection Mechanisms," Proc. of the IFIP TC6/WG6.4 International In-Depth Symposium on Local Communication Systems: LAN and PBX, Toulouse, France, 26-28 November, 1986, Elsevier Sc. Pub., Amsterdam, 189-202
  17. Une Machine Ada Virtuelle--Architecture, Thèse de Doctorat, E.N.S.T., Paris, 1986.
  18. "RDF: un outil flexible de conception et de documentation du logiciel," Journées Internationales sur le Génie Logiciel et ses Applications, Toulouse, 5-9 Décembre 1988, EC2, 1365-1380.
  19. "Traitement des erreurs dans de grands systèmes utilisant la conception par objects," Génie Logiciel & Systèmes Experts, Vol. 17, Décembre 1989, 12-18.
  20. "Error Handling in Large Object-Based Ada Systems," Ada Letters, 10, 7, Sept. 1990, ACM, 91-103.
  21. "A Relational Database in Ada," Ada UK Conference, Brighton, UK, October 24-25, 1990 (with P. Leroy)
  22. "Un Processus de Développement de Logiciel Itératif et Centré sur l'Architecture," 4ème Congrès de Génie Logiciel, Toulouse, France, Décembre 1991, EC2, Paris.
  23. "Who's Afraid of Fixed-Point Types," Journal of the Ada Association of Australia, Vol. 4, n°3, December 1992, pp.10-21.
  24. "Modernizing Air Traffic Control through Modern Software Methods," Proc. of the 38th Annual Air Traffic Control Association Conference, Nashville, Tenn., October 1993. (with Trevor Paine and Kal Toth)
  25. "The Adaptive Gateway: Meeting the Challenge of Interfacing to Evolving External Systems", Proc. of the 9th Annual Conference of the Air Traffic Control Association, Arlington Va., September 18-22, 1994 (with Linda Simon and Slobodan Jovanovic)
  26. "Mapping an Object-Oriented design into Ada," Ada User J, 15 (2), June 1994, 160-176 (with M. Tudball)
  27. "Beyond Abstract Data Types: Giving Life to Objects," Proc. of 1st Symposium 'Ada in Europe', Copenhagen, Denmark, September 26-30, Springer-Verlag, 1994. (with Drasko Sotirovski)
  28. "An Object-Oriented, Distributed Architecture for Large Scale Systems," Proc. of Tri-Ada'94, Baltimore, November 1994, ACM. (with Chris J. Thompson)
  29. "Software architecture and iterative development process," Tutorial Proc. of Tri-Ada'95, Anaheim, Ca., ACM Press, pp. 491-539. ISBN 0-89791-705-7
  30. "Architecture blueprint-the 4+1 view of software architecture," Tutorial Proc. of Tri-Ada'95, Anaheim, Ca., ACM Press, pp. 540-555. ISBN 0-89791-705-7
  31. "Implementing dialogue independence," IEEE Software, 12 (6) November 1995, 61-70 (with Drasko Sotirovski)
  32. "The 4+1 view model of architecture," IEEE Software, 12 (6) November 1995, 42-50.
  33. The Rational Development Process and Its Application Within the Framework of Mil-Std-498, White Paper. Cupertino, CA: Rational Software. (with Walker Royce)
  34. "Ada Type Interchange-Moving data between platforms," Ada Letters, ACM, 1996. (with D. Ehrenfried, Ch. Thompson, and K. Thompson)
  35. "Iterative Software Development for Large Ada Programs," Proc. of Ada-Europe conference, Montreux, Switzerland, June 1996, Springer-Verlag, LNCS 1088, pp.101-110.
  36. "Handling Irregular Grammars in Ada," Proc. of Ada-Europe conference, A. Strohmeier (Ed.), Montreux, Switzerland, June 1996, Springer-Verlag, LNCS 1088, pp. 312-318 (with Drasko Sotirovski)
  37. "A Rational Development Process," Crosstalk, 9 (7) July 1996, pp.11-16.
  38. "Ten common misconceptions about software architecture," Proc. of GSAW'98, El Segundo, CA, The Aerospace Corp., February 1998.
  39. "The Software Architect, and the Software Architecture Team," in: Software Architecture, P. Donohue (ed.), Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, 1999, 565-583
  40. "Der Rational Unified Process", OBJEKTSpectrum, January 1999, pp. 38-42.
  41. "ROSE/Architect: a tool to visualize architecture," Proc. 32nd Annual Hawaii Conference on Systems Science, Maui, HI, January 1999 (with A. Egyed)
  42. "From Waterfall to Iterative Development-A tough transition for project managers," The Rational Edge, December 2000. Also in German as "Vom Wasserfall zum iterativen Lifecycle-ein harter Weg für Projektmanager," in: Projektmanagement mit dem RUP, G. Versteegen, Springer-Verlag, 2000, pp. 181-197.
  43. The Rational Unified Process - An Enabler for Higher Process Maturity (Rational Whitepaper No. TP-178). Cupertino, CA: Rational Software, 2001 (with Annie Kuntzmann-Combelles)
  44. "Wie Sie ein Projekt mit dem Rational Unified process garantiert in den Sand setzen können" Objekspectrum, 4, July-August 2001, pp. 30-39 (with Craig Larman and Kurt Bittner)
  45. "User Interface Design in the Rational Unified Process," in: Object Modeling and User Interface Design, Mark van Harmelen (ed.), Addison Wesley Longman, 2001, pp. 161-196
  46. "YOOPEEDOO (UPEDU): A Process for Teaching Software Process," Proc. of 14th Conference on Software Engineering Education and Training, February 19 - 21, 2001, Charlotte, North Carolina with Pierre N. Robillard, and Patrick d'Astous
  47. "Agility with the RUP," Cutter IT Journal, vol.14, no. 12, December 2001, pp. 27-33
  48. "The Nature of Software-What is so special about Software Engineering?", Proc. Of International Conference on The Sciences of Design, Lyon, France, March 14-15, 2002.
  49. "Putting the 'Engineering' into 'Software engineering'," Proc. at the Australian Software Engineering Conference (ASWEC 2004), Melbourne, Australia, April 14-16, 2004, IEEE CS.
  50. "Analyzing Intercultural Factors Affecting Global Software Development," Proc. of the 2004 Workshop on Global Software Development, Edinburgh, UK, May 25th, 2004, IEE, pp. 59-62
  51. "The boundaries of software engineering--Casting Software engineering in the FBS Framework," to appear in IEEE Software.
  52. Integrating Software Architecture-Centric Methods into the Rational Unified Process, Technical Report CMU/SEI-2004-TR-011, Software Engineering Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, 2004. With Rick Kazman, Rob Nord, and Jim Tomayko,
  53. "Towards Agile Security Assurance," Proc. of New Security Paradigm Workshop (NSPW'2004), White Point Beach, NS, 2004, with Konstantin Beznosov.

    54. Translations (From English To French)

  54. Kathleen Jensen and Niklaus Wirth, Pascal: User Manual and Report, Springer-Verlag, 1974.
  55. Niklaus Wirth, Algorithms + Data structures = Programs, Prentice-Hall, 1975.
  56. Richard Kieburtz, Structured Programming and Problem-Solving With Pascal Prentice-Hall, 1976.
  57. W.F. Clocksin and C.S. Mellish, The programming language Prolog, Springer-Verlag, 1984.

    58. Other Papers Published Electronically By Rational Software

    See the electronic magazine The Rational Edge at http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/rational/rationaledge/

  58. "What Is the Rational Unified Process?," January 2001
  59. "The Tao of the Software Architect," March 2001
  60. "Common Misconceptions about Software Architecture," April 2001.
  61. "Using the RUP to Evolve a Legacy System," May 2001
  62. "Software Maintenance Cycles with the RUP," August 2001
  63. "Going Over the Waterfall with the RUP," September 2001
  64. "Agility with the RUP," January 2002
  65. "A Software Development Process for a Team of One," February 2002 (also a chapter in a book [4])
  66. "How the Rational Unified Process Supports ISO 12207", August 2002.
  67. "Planning an Iterative Project," October 2002 (also a chapter in a book [5]).
  68. "Testing: the RUP Philosophy," February 2003.
  69. "Scaling Down Large Projects to Meet the Agile 'Sweet Spot'", August 2004